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Kinder


Permanent research project on the themes of Resistance and Holocaust


We are talking about children, it is good to remember this because using the verb –capture – becomes almost unreal and it would be too simple to equate them with the thousands of children who have died, been deported or are fleeing from recent or ongoing wars, so we want to focus on the faces of the children of Parma, as a single monumental child's face that can represent all the KINDER of every war.

The project

Project for the 71° Anniversary Celebrations of the Liberation Struggle


Dramaturgical research on the themes of the Resistance and the Holocaust gave birth to Kinder (Children), an original text by Francesco Pititto on the tragedy of the Jewish children of Parma who were victims of Nazi extermination. The history of the anti-Jewish persecution carried out by fascism between 1938 and 1945 is known, but we rarely stop to reflect on what those tragic years meant for Italian children. Especially for those Jews, removed from school, helpless witnesses of the progressive social and labor marginalization of their parents, if not of the destruction and physical elimination of their family.

Seventy-four Jews were deported from the Parma area, both Italian and foreign. Of the twenty-three victims of the extermination, six were children and their story has entered the collective memory of Parma. The story told begins in 1938, when the fascist government issued laws that affected the citizenship rights of Jews in Italy, and ended in April 1944, with the deportation of a good part of the Jewish community of Parma to the Auschwitz extermination camp. The events concern in particular a group of children, protagonists, despite themselves, of that tragic event: Donato and Cesare Della Pergola, Liliana, Luciano and Roberto Fano, Roberto Bachi. Before being transported to Fossoli, they were interned in the Monticelli Terme concentration camp (Parma). None of them returned from Auschwitz.

Introduction

Art not serene


Many images are produced during the journeys of Memory, but what is documented? How far can you go beyond documentation? If the documentation, from an aesthetic point of view, remains almost identical (mostly photographic and audiovisual media) and confined within the confines of the historical story, even if elaborated by writing poems or impressions, over time the memory becomes “frozen” in a rigid formal structure, what remains of the labor and extermination camps remains building, rail, gate, barbed wire and each resonates with destroyed humanity but remains the image of what is, of what was; while measuring oneself with the production of new images, of new expressive forms, up to the boundaries of what historical, ethical interpretation and artistic creation allow us, would bring the historical document – be it monumental, architectural, photographic or paper – to renew itself in its function of dissemination and presence in contemporary times, to bring about transformations that diminish the temporal distance, the memory, the crystal-image of the past and the present would merge into a single figure, which is memory but also the life of today. When there are no survivors left to remind the world of what has been, the new generations will have to tell it again to the next to keep alive the memory and the modality of the new story, so that History does not stray too far, it will have to find the most effective means to make it reach the heart and mind of each one again, so that it becomes our history. Because unfortunately, the images and reality of the present continually provide us with direct references to what has already happened.


KINDER's dramaturgy contains several parts of this History: the list of labor and extermination camps, a mother's letters to “Mr. Quaestor of the Province of Parma”, anonymous poems by Jewish children from the camps, imaginary dialogues between the children of Parma with two other children from the camps, Tereszka and Papo, a retranslated version of Paul Celan's “Tenebrae” but the dramatic core remains the singing. And here is the presence/resurrection of the children of the Children's Choir, becoming a performative essence together with a single actress, a reflection and refraction of six truncated lives, through their silent gazes and then reciting and intoning voices a single Mozart/Overbeck Lied “Komm lieber Mai_” which speaks of an imminent May, of violets, of games in the night and snow, of a beloved free country.

Around and within, the electronic landscape of a musical dramaturgy composed of foreign voices, reworked noises made up of sound references to the Camp, musical movements aimed at creating new spatio-temporal dynamics.


KINDER searches for an Echo of what could no longer be said, listened to, written, never forgotten, of an art that is not serene. Paradoxically, he attempts to “play the silence” that the deaths of six Jewish children, along with those of millions of human beings, would impose on reason; but Adorno, after his long-distance dialogue with Celan on the impossibility of poetry after Auschwitz, later wrote: “Incessant pain has as much right to express itself as the martyred one to scream. Therefore perhaps it is false to have said that after Auschwitz one can no longer write a poem […] Art that is no longer possible at all if not reflected, that is, taken except as a problem, must by itself renounce serenity. And first of all, it is forced by the most recent events, the saying that after Auschwitz one can no longer write poetry has no absolute validity, but it is certain that after Auschwitz, since it was and remains possible for an unpredictable time, one can no longer imagine a serene art”.

Credits

Text and imagoturgy Francesco Pititto

Installation, plastic elements, direction Maria Federica Maestri

Music Andrea Azzali

Musical direction for children's voices Ars Canto M° Gabriella Corsaro

Historical Consulting Marco Minardi

Cast Valentina Barbarini with Pietro Anelli, Samuele Bellingeri, Matteo Castellazzi, Marcello Costa, Martina Gismondi, Agata Pelosi, Alessandro Poli, Cloe Teodori, Anna Giada Vaccaro

Lights Alice Scartapacchio

Assistant Marco Cavellini

Production Lenz Foundation in collaboration with ISREC

Media

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Press

Paper Street


Giulio Sonno


Kinder is composed according to the principle of tragic irony, that narrative device whereby, since it is the epilogue of a story already revealed, everything that happens, sad or happy, will be chilled by the certainty of the end. Tragic irony nails any narrated present – in the theatre we would say “evoked” – because by proposing it it denies it. Masters and Pititto, however, do not “use” tragic irony, they put it into system. That is, by denying any representation, they focus their entire work on what cannot be shown; not so much out of discretion but precisely because the Holocaust is a void: with it, it was no longer a question of killing but of denying life. This is the true historical, apolitical, human lesson of the Holocaust, and Lenz gives it back to us with lucidity and selflessness, to the point of risking giving up the successful theatrical performance. No pathos, no myth, a heavy emptiness and then silence: to remind us that a voice once existed.

PaneAcquaCulture


Matteo Brighenti


Donato and Cesare Della Pergola, Liliana, Luciano and Roberto Fano, Roberto Bachi, Salomon Papo, Rena Papo, Teresa, showed themselves with the faces of our children, while we made ourselves unrecognizable as fathers. Kinder (Children) has confronted us with the fear and disgust of having killed them and of continuing to do so, even if only by allowing it to happen: silence is the extermination camp that has not yet been liberated. The Kinder sing from there.

Persinsala


Daniele Rizzo


That of Pititto and Maestri, artists like little Tereska grappling with the enveloping design of her home, is an incessant impulse, a work continually preparatory to what art must/can never present in a concluded form: the poetic attempt to transfigure the unfinished nature of existence, of a horizon impossible to possess and in which to cultivate the ethics of hospitality, in order to thus offer to the least, but to everyone, even and above all when sensitive, and therefore not expected, the hope of always finding one's dignity accepted.

Gazzetta di Parma


Valeria Ottolenghi


Un’impresa dunque particolarmente ardita questa di Lenz: e parlando di bambini con bambini in scena! (…) E i dialoghi tra i bambini sembrano possedere una loro sconcertante naturalezza: come ti chiami? sei solo? ci vediamo domani? (…) Kinderriesce a emozionare profondamente proprio attraverso un rigoroso insieme formale, uno spettacolo dove però a recitare, a cantare, sono dei bambini, a evocarne altri cui non è stato permesso di diventare grandi.

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